08 Jul Majestic and Mysterious: Unravelling the Charms of the Chow Chow Dog Breed

The Chow Chow dog breed is unique and ancient, known for its lion-like appearance and aloof demeanour. This breed, with its distinctive blue-black tongue and dense double coat, has captured the hearts of dog lovers worldwide. Understanding the Chow Chow’s characteristics, history, and care needs is essential for potential owners and enthusiasts.

The History and Origin of the Chow Chow Dog Breed

It is unknown how the Chow Chow originated, but it is widely believed to be one of the oldest breeds of dogs. Artifacts and pottery dating back to the Han Dynasty (206 BCE to 220 CE) depict dogs resembling the Chow Chow, indicating its presence in ancient China over 2,000 years ago.

Originally, Chow Chows served multiple purposes in Chinese society. They were prized as versatile working dogs for hunting, herding, pulling carts, and guarding homes and livestock. Their sturdy build and keen intelligence made them valuable assets to farmers and nobility alike.

In addition to their practical roles, Chow Chows held significant cultural importance in China. They were considered symbols of good luck, protection, and prosperity. Their lion-like appearance, thick mane and distinctive blue-black tongue further added to their mythical aura. Chow Chows were often called “Songshi Quan,” meaning “puffy-lion dog.”

The Chow Chow first gained international attention in the late 18th century when it was introduced to Europe as a novelty from China. Queen Victoria of England reportedly took a particular interest in the breed, further popularizing it among European aristocracy. By the late 19th century, Chow Chows had arrived in North America, where they quickly garnered a reputation as dignified and loyal companions.

Today, Chow Chows are cherished as both companions and show dogs worldwide. While they maintain their independent and aloof demeanour, they are known for their loyalty to their families. Their unique appearance and storied history continue to captivate dog enthusiasts, ensuring the Chow Chow’s enduring legacy as a beloved breed with deep roots in ancient Chinese culture.

Physical Characteristics of the Chow Chow Dog Breed

• Size and Proportions: Chow Chows are medium-sized dogs with a sturdy and square build. They typically stand between 17 to 20 inches (43 to 51 cm) at the shoulder and weigh anywhere from 45 to 70 pounds (20 to 32 kg). Despite their compact size, they possess a solid and muscular frame, giving them a dignified and imposing presence.
• Coat and Colors: One of the most striking features of the Chow Chow is its thick double coat, which provides insulation and protection in various climates. The outer coat is dense, straight, and coarse in texture, while the undercoat is soft and woolly. Chow Chows come in five primary coat colours recognized by major kennel clubs: red, black, blue, cinnamon (light tan to deep cinnamon), and cream. The coat can be solid or have lighter shading, particularly on the tail and ruff.
• Head and Facial Features: The Chow Chow’s head is broad and flat, with a distinctive skull shape that is slightly domed. They have a short, broad muzzle and a well-defined stop. One of the breed’s most unique traits is its blue-black tongue, a hallmark characteristic. The expression is alert and keen, with small, triangular ears rounded at the tips and wide apart.
• Body Structure: The body of a Chow Chow is compact and well-balanced, with a level topline and strong hindquarters. They have a deep chest and well-sprung ribs, providing ample lung capacity. Depending on the dog’s mood, the tail is set high and carried closely over the back, either in a single curl or lying flat.
• Limbs and Feet: Chow Chows have straight, powerful limbs with well-developed muscles that enable them to move deliberately and dignifiedly. Their feet are small, round, and compact, with thick pads and strong, arched toes contributing to their sure-footedness.

Temperament and Personality

• Independent Nature: Chow Chows are renowned for their independent and sometimes aloof demeanour. Unlike overtly affectionate breeds, Chow Chows often remain reserved, especially around strangers. This independent streak stems from their history as guard dogs and hunters, where self-reliance was valued.
• Loyalty and Devotion: While Chow Chows may appear distant to strangers, they are intensely loyal and devoted to their families. They form strong bonds with their owners and are known to be protective of their loved ones. This loyalty manifests in their willingness to defend their home and loved ones if they perceive a threat.
• Dignified and Regal: Chow Chows possess a dignified and regal presence and are confident and self-assured. Their lion-like mane and unique appearance further enhance their majestic demeanour. They are not typically prone to overt excitement or hyperactivity but exude a calm and composed disposition.
• Alert and Watchful: As natural guardians, Chow Chows are inherently alert. They have a keen sense of awareness and will often keep watch over their surroundings. This watchfulness and protective instincts make them excellent watchdogs who will alert their owners to any potential intruders or disturbances.
• Reserved with Strangers: Due to their innate wariness of strangers, Chow Chows may exhibit reserved or aloof behaviour when encountering new people. Early socialization is crucial to help them develop confidence and positive interactions with unfamiliar individuals. Proper introductions and gradual exposure can help mitigate any potential apprehension.
• Temperament with Children and Other Pets: Chow Chows can be gentle and affectionate with children within their family, primarily when raised together from a young age. However, their independent nature and preference for personal space mean they may not tolerate rough handling or overly boisterous behaviour. Supervision is recommended to ensure positive interactions.

Training Techniques for Your Chow Chow Dog Companion

• Start Early: Begin training your Chow Chow as early as possible. Early socialization and obedience training will help them learn good behaviours and manners.
• Positive Reinforcement: Use rewards such as treats, praise, and affection to motivate your Chow Chow during training sessions. They respond well to positive reinforcement and will be more willing to learn.
• Consistency: Be consistent in your commands and expectations. Chow Chows appreciate routines and clear boundaries. Avoid harsh training methods as they can be sensitive to criticism.
• Patience: Patience is key when training a Chow Chow. They may take longer to learn commands than other breeds, so be patient and give them time to understand what you’re asking.
• Gentle Leadership: Establish yourself as a gentle yet firm leader. Chow Chow respects calm and confident leadership without being overly dominant.
• Socialization: Expose your Chow Chow to various environments, people, and animals from a young age. This helps them develop confidence and reduces their natural wariness of strangers.
• Exercise Their Minds: Chow Chows are intelligent dogs and need mental stimulation. Incorporate interactive toys, puzzle games, and training sessions into their daily routine to keep them engaged and prevent boredom.

Grooming Needs of Chow ChowDog Breed

1. Brushing: Regular brushing is essential to prevent matting and tangling of the Chow Chow’s dense coat. Use a pin or slicker brush to remove loose hair and debris. More frequent brushing may be needed during shedding seasons.
2. Comb: A wide-toothed comb can help detangle any knots or mats that may form in the undercoat. Carefully comb through the coat, especially in areas prone to matting, such as behind the ears and around the tail.
3. Grooming Rake: A grooming rake can help remove dead undercoats and reduce shedding. Use it gently to avoid irritating the skin.
4. Trimming: Regular trimming of the Chow Chow’s nails is essential to keep them at a comfortable length. Trim them carefully to avoid cutting into the quick, which can cause bleeding and discomfort.
5. Ear Cleaning: Regularly check the ears to prevent wax buildup and potential infections. Use a veterinarian-approved ear-cleaning solution and gently wipe the outer ear with a cotton ball or pad.
6. Bathing: Chow Chows only typically require frequent baths if they get filthy. Use a mild dog shampoo and ensure thorough rinsing to prevent residue buildup. Bathing too often can strip the coat of its natural oils, leading to dryness and irritation.
7. Dental Care: Brush your Chow Chow’s teeth regularly, ideally every day or several times a week, to prevent dental issues such as plaque buildup and gum disease. Use a dog-specific toothbrush and toothpaste.

Special Considerations

• Seasonal Shedding: Chow Chows undergo seasonal shedding, typically in spring and autumn. During these times, you may need to increase the frequency of grooming to manage shedding.
• Professional Grooming: While regular at-home grooming is sufficient for most Chow Chows, some owners opt for professional grooming services for more thorough coat care and maintenance.

Common Health Issues

• Hip Dysplasia: Hip dysplasia is a genetic condition where the hip joint fits poorly into the socket, leading to arthritis and pain. Symptoms include limping, difficulty rising, and reluctance to exercise. Regular vet check-ups and maintaining a healthy weight can help manage this condition.
• Elbow Dysplasia: Similar to hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia involves the abnormal development of the elbow joint. This can cause pain and lameness.
• Entropion: Entropion is a condition where the eyelids roll inward, causing the eyelashes to irritate the cornea. This can lead to pain, redness, and even ulcers.
• Allergies: Chow Chows can be prone to allergies, which may manifest as skin irritations, itching, or gastrointestinal problems. Common allergens include certain foods, pollen, and flea bites.
• Hypothyroidism: This issue occurs when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. This can result in symptoms such as weight gain, lethargy, hair loss, and skin issues. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy, prescribed by a vet, can effectively manage this condition.
• Gastric Torsion (Bloat): Gastric torsion, or bloat, is a life-threatening condition where the stomach twists, trapping gas and cutting off blood supply. Symptoms include a distended abdomen, restlessness, drooling, and attempts to vomit. Immediate veterinary attention is essential if bloat is suspected.
• Autoimmune Disorders: Chow Chows are susceptible to various autoimmune disorders, where the immune system attacks the body’s tissues. Symptoms vary depending on the specific disorder but may include skin lesions, joint pain, and general malaise.
• Heat Sensitivity: Chow Chows can be heat sensitive and prone to heatstroke due to their thick double coat. It’s essential to keep them cool during hot weather.
• Patellar Luxation: Patellar luxation is where the kneecap dislocates from its normal position. This can cause intermittent lameness and discomfort.

The Last Word

The Chow Chow is a fascinating breed with a rich history and a distinctive appearance. Their loyal and protective nature and unique physical traits make them remarkable companions for the right family. A Chow Chow can be an excellent addition to a loving home with proper care, training, and socialisation.